A "PSA total" in a male refers to the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measured in a blood test, which is a protein produced by the prostate gland; generally, a normal PSA level for most men is considered to be below 4.0 ng/mL, though this can vary depending on age and individual factors, with higher levels potentially indicating the need for further investigation regarding prostate health.
Key points about PSA total:
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Interpretation depends on age:
As men age, their PSA levels naturally tend to increase, so a "normal" range may be higher for older men compared to younger men.
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Factors affecting PSA levels:
Besides cancer, other conditions like prostatitis (prostate inflammation), recent prostate biopsy, or vigorous exercise can also elevate PSA levels.
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High PSA and further testing:If a man has a significantly elevated PSA level, further testing like a prostate biopsy may be recommended by a doctor to determine the cause.