SERUM LIPIDS
Serum lipids serve as a primary source of energy along with glucose.
The functions are many, such as the production of cell membranes, precursors to hormones, and bile acids.
Lipids are first broken down in the duodenum, along with bile, which emulsifies the fats, and prepares them for absorption into the lymphatic system.
Pancreatic lipase hydrolyzes cholesterol, and triglycerides into fatty acids, and glycerol. The fatty acids and glycerol are then reconverted back into triglycerides by the intestinal cells and then discharged into the lymphatic or portal blood system, which is then sent to the liver.
Cholesterol is also absorbed in both the free and esterified forms into the lymphatics.
Cholesterol is also synthesized in the reticular cells and histiocytes throughout the body but mainly formed in the liver. Under the influence of iodine via the thyroid, carbohydrates, amino acids, and other fats are converted to cholesterol via multiple molecules of acetyl coenzyme A creating a sterol nucleus. Triglycerides are also assembled in the liver from glycerol and fatty acids. The liver is the main organ regulating blood lipids. So the liver can degrade fatty acids for energy, synthesize triglycerides from carbohydrates and proteins. The liver can then hydrolyzes the triglycerides back into three fatty acids, and glycerol then degrades the fatty acids into acetyl coenzyme A via beta-oxidation.
Then acetyl coenzyme A is then oxidized to release ATP.
The liver also synthesizes phospholipids, lecithin, cephalins (that produce thromboplastin), and sphingomyelin (produces the myelin sheath) are formed in the liver and transported via lipoproteins.
An increase in triglycerides or choline/inositol increases phospholipid production. Phospholipids are also important in the production of cell membranes.
CHOLESTEROL
Cholesterol is a byproduct of protein metabolism. Bonding oily fat (fat-soluble vitamins) to nitrogen via oxidation forms cholesterol.
This process utilizes vitamins, D, E, K, A, and T.
These are your fat-soluble vitamins that are bound to the nitrogen portion of foods.
The basic purpose of fat-soluble vitamins is to lubricate membranes. The vitamin (oil) prevents oxygen from reaching the membrane, which may inhibit its function. Fat-soluble vitamins also provide the substance necessary to make hormones, enzymes, and antibodies.
For example,
Vitamin D. lubricates all gross membranes that are exposed to air, such as your skin, respiratory passages, and the digestive membranes. This is your antioxidant lubricator
Vitamin A. lubricates secondary membranes that are exposed to the blood, such as the liver, kidney, lungs and spleen. Vitamin A. is called your hydrogen lubricator.
Vitamin K. lubricates cell membranes that are exposed to water.
Vitamin F. fatty acids are used to make enzymes.
Vitamin E. is used to make hormones.
Vitamin T. which, is sesame seed oil, is used to make antibodies
Lecithin prevents oil and fat from going rancid.
So the purpose of fat-soluble vitamins is to oxidize and combust with protein to form cholesterol, which then transposes it into a lubricator, a hormone, antibody, or enzyme.
Low-density lipoproteins are rich in cholesterol and carry some triglycerides and are used to produce sex hormones.
High-density lipoproteins are rich in triglycerides and carry some fat.
Please note that at any one time, the body can dictate the percentage of low-density lipoproteins vs. high-density lipoproteins.
It’s obvious that an imbalance can create multiple diseases in the body.
Please note that these lipoproteins also engulf toxins and then are stored in tissue cells. At a later time, the body gradually detoxifies these deposits unless the amount is overwhelming.
Similar to glucose, cholesterol is affected by many organs and glands and in itself is not a reliable indicator as to what is going on in the body.
Over the years, the labs went from a normal cholesterol reading of 300, down to 250, then down to 200, and now down to 150. If they continue this nonsense they will create a whole new list of diseases. I recommend that your cholesterol levels be between 175-275mg/dL.
